YA Highway

nomadic novelists celebrate fiction's most exciting age group: young adult



THIS WEEK IN WRITING

Photobucket - Adorable illustrations from Kiersten White showing how it feels to be a writer.

- I can't even really sum this up, except to say that Libba Bray is a genius.

- Author Nova Ren Suma has a lovely post on being exposed.

- "Celebrating short bursts of creepy creativity," Flash Paranormal Fiction is looking for your short paranormal stories. Check out the first feature, written by YA Highway's own Kristin Otts! 

- It's okay if your gay character has a lisp, says author Robin Talley. 

- Any academic YA fans out there? Check out this call for essays about The Hunger Games.

- Over at The Contemps, author Sarah Ockler warns you to watch out for dream squishers.


If you can't muster the will to lay off Gawker, how are you going to write a book? I can't blame modern technology for my predilection for distraction, not after all the hours I've spent watching lost balloons disappear into the clouds. I did it before the Internet, and I'll do it after the apocalypse, assuming we still have helium and weak-gripped children.
- Agent Victoria Marini has some resources to help combat those distractions.


THIS WEEK IN READING


- Headed to BEA? Check out Publishers Weekly's list of hot titles to look for.


- Want to promote a book you love but can't afford to buy 100 copies of it? Ashley Perez has great suggestions.




THIS WEEK IN PUBLISHING

Photobucket - Nathan Bransford warns against signing with a spaghetti agent.

- Agent Mary Kole recommends you avoid the obvious in your query.

- All about agency agreements, from agent Jennifer Laughran.

- Agent Vickie Motter explains how to format your MS.

- Mysterious Matters tells you why you got rejected.

- Author Lisa Schroeder has tips for surviving pre-release angst, but they're really great tips for surviving lots of stages of the writing process. 

- What are realistic expectations for a debut MG novelist? Shrinking Violets has the answer.


- Heading to BEA? Pimp My Novel has some pointers


THIS WEEK IN OTHER STUFF


- A Pennsylvania teacher's pen name is revealed; parents act like writing romance novels on the side is somehow detrimental to their children.


- "My editor, my wife": Author Will Allison keeps his wife's critiques like love letters


THIS WEEK IN CONTESTS

- Help Angelica R. Jackson celebrate her blogiversary!

- Check out the newest collaborative teen author blog, Noveltee(n), and enter to win a copy of Incarceron. Welcome to the blogosphere, guys!


THIS WEEK IN THE RANDOM




Happy Friday!

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Magic + real life = ?

Magical realism is a genre which everyone and no one is writing.

Everyone says their book has elements of magical realism, but hardly anyone actually knows what that means. Hey, I don't even know what it means - I'm just writing this because it's my turn to post.

In all seriousness, you guys - magical realism is weird. Its very definition defies logic. The magical + the actual. Illusion + cold hard reality. Enchantment + disenchantment. It's a paradox. Which is precisely what makes this genre so interesting.

In a nutshell, magical realism is a very subtle genre which adds elements the surreal to a character's everyday life. There is usually no explanation for these magical ingredients; there is no world-building; there is only a dose of strangeness to interrupt what would otherwise be a completely contemporary, realistic story. According to critic Luis Leal, "If you can explain it, then it's not magical realism."

Because it's such a slippery genre, it's hard to create a novel that falls under the category of "magical realism;" but it is possible, and it's a great way to add some life to a tired story. If your characters and your plot feel worn out, maybe you should think about adding a dose of magic to shake them up. Luckily you don't have to be a master writer of fairies and dragon to inject some surrealism into your WIP; you just have to do something unexpected.


Some good examples of magical realism:

Skellig
Coraline
Love Medicine
"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings"
I Am The Messenger
The Graveyard Book
The Pricker Boy
Jellicoe Road
Holes

...and a whole lot more.

Good luck marrying the magical and the real.
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Easy Vectors - grunge Welcome to our 77th Road Trip Wednesday!

Road Trip Wednesday is a ‘Blog Carnival,’ where YA Highway's contributors post a weekly writing- or reading-related question that begs to be answered. In the comments, you can hop from destination to destination and get everybody's unique take on the topic.

We'd love for you to participate! Just answer the prompt on your own blog and leave a link - or, if you prefer, you can include your answer in the comments.




This Week's Topic:
Way back in November 2009, we asked what songs represent or influence your WIP.
SEVENTY road trips later (seriously! seventy!), we're coming back to the topic to ask:

If your WIP or favorite book were music, what song(s) would it be?


Road Trip Song of the Week:
"Paperbag Writer" - Radiohead

Next week’s topic:
TBA


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Daemon's comment: "I can't deny it."
Call it a sneaky PR move on the interviewee's part, but man, has YA Highway scored an awesome interview today! It's true: not 48 hours after receiving his blood-soaked, smoking letter containing instructions and GPS coordinates, I had the chance to sit down with Daemon Cain: a professional villain of the Young Adult genre. Why? In Daemon's words, to "spread the teachings of the Ultimate Darkness." Not totally sure what that means, but I knew I couldn't pass this opportunity up.

Daemon was reluctant to share much information about himself, like whether he was a demon or a vampire, a mean girl or a futuristic mastermind (though we can guess). But he was eager to spill his deepest thoughts on everything from his worst pet peeves to his favorite fellow villain. Without further ado, here he is: Daemon!

What's one truth about yourself you wish the public would understand better?
Oh anti-Christ, I'm so glad you asked this question. Let me start by saying that I detest this idea that all YA villains are full of nothing but hatred and selfishness and evil. If the public just got to know us better, they'd find that we can be downright multi-faceted sometimes! If you expect me to be mean, that's what you're going to get. But I am highly layered person, you know, I'm not just trying to murder teens all the time...

So you're saying you're... not evil?
No, no. Hold up. I am definitely evil. If I wasn't, I wouldn't be a card-carrying member of the YAVS (YA Villians' Society). All I'm saying is I'm not evil all the time, and I really wish people would appreciate that and not act like I'm some kind of soulless piranha.

You know, in the trilogy I'm working on now, I've been taking my time off from the story to go work at the local animal shelter! But do they show that? No. They only show my insane attempted kidnapping of the main character a chapter later. It's slander, plain and simple.

Okay, I see your point. So as a professional villain, what else annoys you to no end?
Three words: Deux ex machina. I'm this close to achieving my goal, and then BAM! Something or someone swoops in, completely unpredictable, and grabs the main character from my grasp. It's so infuriating! I put all that work in for no payoff! I mean, what the hell?

Also - pretty-boys who call themselves villains because they're a danger to the main character, or whatever, but really they just want to get in her (it's always a her) pants. They're a disgrace to the YAVS, those guys. Announcement: real villains do not glitter.

Hey, I'd be annoyed by those things, too. So what are your thoughts on tragic endings - endings where the villain wins?
They're my ultimate dream. Unfortunately, they only come along about once in a blood-streaked moon. There should be more of them - they're so traumatic and awesome! I heard they depress readers, but honestly, you people just need to suck it up and rejoice in the dawn of a new villainous era.

Ah, yes, we should. Speaking of a villainous era, do you have a personal favorite villain - besides yourself, of course?
I know I'm supposed to say Voldemort here, and yeah, the guy's a legend, but... come on, story-dying at the hand of your own wand? He will never live that down, at least in the social circles I come from.

There's a ton of choices, but personally, I have to say... that Anna Morrison, queen bee girl! From Some Girls Are by Creator Courtney Summers. Dear anti-God, I met Anna at a YAVS conference last month and it was just horrifying. I thought she was going to tell the whole conference about my rash problem during her keynote speech. Instead she just made me get her coffee a bunch of times.

What makes a YA-literature villain different from an adult-literature one?
Well, the most important difference is that we're better. Why? We're more shocking. The fact is, you expect to see villains in the adult world. A bunch of 30-something wizards traversing the land in search of whatever? Of COURSE some dastardly warlock is going to come along and try to vanquish them. They can handle it, being adults.

But teenage wizards-in-training? If a villain comes along, it's like... holy crap, those are kids. I love it when a fan asks me whether I ever feel guilty for going after the small and immature. No way! It adds to the rush, the amazing feeling of evil. What does suck is when the kids vanquish you and it's like... I really need a coffee or something because that is just humiliating.

Final question: if you had no main character to fight, what would you do with your life?
No main character?

Yeah.
I... don't understand.

Like, if it was just you, doing your evil deeds, with no one trying to stop you or bring about your downfall.
What? But... someone has to try to stop me... where's the fun otherwise? I... (trails off)

Okay, good point. It's a lot more fun when you've got an epic battle raging between good and evil. Well, that's all for now, Daemon! Any last words?
I think I need to lie down....

***

Wow! Seems to me like Daemon is a pretty awesome villain. And that was a really fun* interview, even if he did sort of creep me out with his glaring. Who's your favorite YA villain? And what are your thoughts on the state of villainy in YA today?

*Also, fictional (sadly). Hope you enjoyed the silliness!
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In our Publishing Interviews Series, we sit down with people on the other side of book publishing -- agents, editors, and more -- providing insight into industry happenings and just what goes into getting a young adult novel on shelves.

Today we welcome Lexa Hillyer, editor and co-founder of the literary development company, Paper Lantern Lit! If you're unfamiliar with what a lit development company does, check out their FAQ page.

1. On the Paper Lantern website, you have a great comparison of literary development companies to literary agencies; both are seeking outstanding writers, but agents are interested in those with completed books and ideas, whereas development companies already have the ideas and want to find the right writer for the story. Neither actually manufacture books – which, as an editor at HarperCollins and Razorbill, was part of the process you were/are involved in. What prompted you to move into the development side of publishing, and what do you most enjoy about your job with Paper Lantern?

Even on the publishing side of things, I was always working closely with packagers like Parachute, Alloy and Working Partners, and I also developed a number of projects basically from scratch with my writers. So plotting was kind of in my blood. I really love the art and discipline that goes into building a strong plot; as maddening and difficult as it can sometimes be, it’s also kind of like solving a puzzle—there’s an incomparable satisfaction when things finally click together, and it becomes more than just a series of actions but a meaningful story that delivers on its promises. So, yeah, I guess that’s why I decided to start up Paper Lantern, along with one of my favorite ideas-people, Lauren Oliver. So we could really focus not just on editing but on developing—developing stories, and developing new talent!

It’s hard to say what my favorite part about the job is—that I get to discuss book ideas all the time, and solve the complex plot riddles they present? Or that I get to work with the awesomest and most eager new writers out there, really helping to shape their prose and story-telling skills? Or that a typical day involves me sitting in a sun-filled café, brainstorming, reading, and editing? Or that my job gives me a built-in excuse to watch lots of television directed at teens… because I’m supposedly “keeping up with what the kids are into these days,” (aka I’m just addicted to those shows.) Yeah, it’s hard to say what my favorite part is… :)

2. Can you describe the Paper Lantern process – how do you come up with story ideas and develop them into plots? Once you have selected a writer, is she a part of the plot development process?

Coming up with ideas is not really the hard part—Lauren Oliver and I both passionately believe that there are infinite stories to tell—even if they all share only a very few key universal themes. The trick is knowing how to turn a set of words or images which intuitively seem to fit together into a more coherent book pitch and then evolve that pitch into a functional and compelling full-length novel. That’s the hard part! I bet there is someone out there who could turn any three words into an awesome book. Let’s try it: Unicycle. Pigeon. Exodus. Go!

Seriously though, it’s good to break down walls and not be afraid to go over the top at first—that sometimes how the most unique ideas come about! And you can ALWAYS streamline and calm things down if it seems too crazy. This goes for my editing process too—I like to tell writers, before you write what you think Should happen in a scene, or even Would happen, first let your imagination run wild with what Could happen. If it’s too absurd or doesn’t work, then revert to the Would. But if it’s all about what the character Should do, you might be trying too hard to control your book, and it needs to breathe and be spontaneous to some degree.

So, we start to create a document about the plot, and we go back and forth on that for awhile. When Lauren and I think we’re on our way to something good, one of us will start laying out a rough chapter outline, which we’ll trade back and forth often for a number of months, until it’s got lots of layers and subplots and rich pay-offs and well-seeded reveals. This sometimes takes us FOREVER it seems. Finally, we feel it’s ready, we share with our agent to make sure we haven’t lost our minds. Then we begin the audition process!

And once we’ve hired a writer… yeah, that’s when all the REAL fun begins. And believe me, the story keeps on growing and changing until we sell it to a publishing house—and then it pretty much keeps on evolving right up until it goes to the printers! The process is pretty organic and the authors definitely get involved in shaping the story—they have to—after all, in the end, the books need to reflect THEM, not us! They have to put their heart into it.

3. More often than not, writers start working on a project and realize that, when the first draft is complete, the story has changed (sometimes significantly) from how they initially envisioned it! Has this been the case with any of your Paper Lantern authors? Is there a collaborative effort to keep the story “on track,” or to adjust and make changes as the story develops?

Oh yeah it totally changes from the initial vision. Ideas and characters are just like living things—they don’t stay static. The authors follow an outline which is kind of like a blueprint—but if the story starts to outgrow the outline, as sometimes happens, we try our best to go with the flow of it, while making sure we’ve helped them work through any new snags the changes may have caused.

4. Unpublished writers who spend even a small amount of time online have access to an overwhelming amount of advice on the query process, including a whole lot of “what NOT to do’s”. What tips do you have for writers interested in working with Paper Lantern? Anything we should definitely do (or definitely avoid doing) in our submissions?

Yeah, there’s really so much advice out there it’s overwhelming, and yet it’s also kinda shocking how often people ignore it! :) We are not as concerned with query letters since we ask for quite short samples; we really try to just focus on the material itself, and the voice. So, be yourself, but show off your strengths! If you don’t know what those are, you may not be the right kind of writer for us—you’ve got to trust in your own voice, and we’ll help you learn the rest!

Also: we are NOT interested in hiring people who just want to be an invisible ghost writer. This is not a quick gig, but a big and exciting and challenging adventure that we’re all going to go on together, so you’ve got to be really sure you’re up for it!

5. Literary agents usually have a list of genres they’re most interested in representing, such as paranormal romance or middle grade fantasy. For writers who are considering applying for Paper Lantern, what genres can they expect if they are selected for a project? Are there any genres in YA/MG Paper Lantern is not interested in?

We’re pretty much open to it all! You never know what our next project will be, so like I said, just represent your own voice and your own skills, and we’ll let you know if we’ve got something right for you! FYI, we do keep people on file for quite a long time if we love their prose but don’t immediately have a project.

Five Real Fast


1. Free plane ticket to any destination in the world – where would you go? Right now? Anywhere sunny and beachy!

2. What was your favorite book as a child? Jacob Have I Loved

3. Favorite coffee drink? Earl Grey Tea

4. Least favorite paranormal creature? Dragons? Do they even count? I’m less into creatures that don’t have any human qualities, ya know? But I am always open to being convinced otherwise!

5. If you had to choose, would you rather be an elf or a hobbit? Elf.
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Apostrophes

Apostrophe misuse is all too common. Pretty much every single day, I sign onto Facebook and at least one person has written a status with an inappropriately placed apostrophe (or inappropriate lack of apostrophe). And that’s not the only place: Twitter, blogs, forums, the instructions on the package of one of those rubbery animals you put in water and it grows. Mistakes happen. I can’t pretend I’ve never made an apostrophe-related mistake myself, but apostrophes seem to be an area of particular trickiness for a lot of people, so I bring to you a super exciting lesson on using apostrophes. (Okay, okay. Unless you’re a serious fanatic, exciting’s probably not the right word. But still! Educational and useful.)

First, contractions. This sounds obvious, and it’s easy to remember where the apostrophe goes in words like don’t and wasn’t. But sometimes, it gets confusing. Anytime you are leaving a letter out of a word, put the apostrophe where you left out that letter. As an example from above, I wrote “exciting’s probably not the right word,” combining exciting and is, and putting an apostrophe in place of the I. If you aren’t sure where you’re supposed to be putting your apostrophe, think about the two words separately, and then you’ll know. Like the commonly butchered word y’all, for instance. Y’all is you+all combined. You are removing the ‘ou’, so the apostrophe needs to go after the Y. Not after the A*. Apostrophe using omissions also include years, like: "class of ’11", which leaves out the 20 in 2011.

Next, forming possessives. Again, this sounds simple, but it can be confusing. Basically what helps me remember whether or not an apostrophe belongs is to rearrange the sentence in my head. For example, if I write the sentence, “I am going to Mary’s house.” I could rewrite it as “I am going to the house belonging to Mary.” If you can’t rearrange the sentence so that the word with the ‘s possesses something, you don’t need it there. And don’t forget to think about whether the apostrophe goes before or after the S. For example: “I am going to the smith’s house” vs. “I am going to the Smiths’ house.” In the first sentence, I would assume you’re going to see a blacksmith (or other type of smith.) And in the second, I would assume you’re going to the home of a family with the last name Smith.

It’s also important to think about when not to use apostrophes. Just because a word ends with an S doesn’t necessarily mean you need an apostrophe there. No apostrophe is required in a sentence like, “I saw the Smiths when I was out for a walk.” They are plural, yes, but they aren’t possessing anything in this sentence. And when you are referring to two people possessing the same item – for example, “I went to Mary and Matt’s house.” – you don’t need an apostrophe after the first name. And do not use apostrophes with possessive pronouns (his, yours, its, etc.) because they already show possession as they are.

Apostrophes (not apostrophe’s!) come up so often when we write that they seem really basic and get forgotten about, but it’s good to refresh ourselves every now and again, isn’t it?

And for a slightly more thorough version of what I said, in flowchart form (with pictures!), visit The Oatmeal.


*Really you guys. I think I see this done wrong more often than I see it done right.


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Field Trip Friday: April 22, 2011

Kate's still fishing (and writing!)
This Week In Writing:

The always hysterical Intern counts down the Top 10 Reasons You Should Rewrite That.

What's that Toto? We're not in Kansas anymore? If you find your story demands a setting that, well, doesn't exist, Kathleen Peacock has you covered with her guest post at The Other Side of the Story on Creating a Fictional Town.

Josh Getzler says no news is . . . ready for it? No news. Nothing more, nothing less.

Renee Collins over at Midnight Meditations has a wonderful post about the one thing we all need to succeed.

So you wanna be a professional writer? (HOLD UP. I totally just found the next big reality television show.) Terrible Minds has a funny, but rather honest list of why you might not be ready.

And another great one on Janice Hardy's blog helps you decide if your descriptions are helping your story or holding it back.

Karen Healey breaks down the hot topic of sex and young adults.

Veronica Roth opens up about fear in a beautiful post here.

This Week In Reading:

How well-read can one truly be? Even if you don't sleep a wink, you'll never get to 'em all. But the NPR says well-read isn't a destination.

Can't wait for Veronica Roth's DIVERGENT to hit the shelves in May? Get a taste by finding out which faction you'd belong to here!  

This Week In Publishing:

Heading to BEA this May? Our own Kody Keplinger will be there signing books May 26 from 11 a.m. to 12:30 at table seven! Stop by and say hi! (You'll find she's rather awesome.)

And in some more awesomeness, Kody and another lovely highwayer, Kirsten Hubbard, are going to be part of this year's Teen Author Carnival!!

You wrote a book. Now what do you do? Tahereh has a great post for anyone who has questions about what happens next.

And if you are about to dangle those toes into the dark void of angst fantastic exercise in patience, also known as querying, Sarah LaPolla offers the Ultimate Query Tips.

Considering e-publishing? Huffington Post explains why you want to go higher than .99 cents (where the heck is the cent symbol on this keyboard?!)  

This Week In Contests:
Some great giveaways this week!

Jenny's giving away a signed copy of Ellen Hopkins' GLASS. Head over to her blog to enter.

Gretchen McNeil's giving away an ARC of her debut novel, Possessed.

Abbey Stevens has an interview with Christina Mandelski and is giving away a copy her debut novel The Sweetest Thing.

Jennifer's giving away a book of your choice and an ARC of HALF-BLOOD.

Lisa's got a Kindle, loaded with two books, up for grabs. Just tell her when/where you'd travel to if you could.  

This Week In the Random:

It's National Poetry Month! Take a walk, drink some chai, and join in on some of the events going on before it's over!

Proof that real-life skills can be obtained from playing World of Warcraft (p.s. not all meese are dangerous. We here at the highway are fluffy, sweet, and wouldn't hurt a fly. Spiders, well, that's another story. o.O)

Watch this. If you're not breathless by the end, I find you strange. The Mountain from Terje Sorgjerd on Vimeo.


And finally, a HUGE, HUGE thanks to my highway meese and all their help rounding up links for the post!
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Image by cbenjasuwan
Say you took every letter you've ever written and put them all together. Would you have a novel?

Probably not. For a start, there’s no overarching thread that joins them up. You know, you might spend one letter to a friend talking entirely about your cats, because that particular friend is a cat person who likes hearing about your cats, and then another talking about your family, and some weird dream you had about sandwiches, and also some form that needs to be filled out by next week. And I don’t know about your letters, but in mine, there’s, I don’t know, a tiny amount of rambling and incoherence. Just a tiny amount. Well, a moderately tiny amount. Ok. A lot.

Basically, a lot of the letters we write in everyday life are, at best, only interesting to the person who received them. And a whole bunch of letters is usually exactly that: a whole bunch of letters.

Except in an epistolary novel.

Most epistolary novels are written entirely in letters, from one character to another*.  And because of this, epistolary novels manage something incredible: they can make a whole story take place without a conventional narrative. There’s no third person voice that jumps in to tell us that he/she said that, and did this. We only have characters’ words to rely on. There’s no one main voice either, because the story jumps between one character and another, and from one voice to another. In each letter, the story unfolds a little more and new things are revealed, and we know the characters that much better. There’s something about epistolary novels that draws us in – there’s the quick pace, jumping from one letter to the next. And there’s the fact that they feel like you’re peeking inside someone’s mail. But not just someone’s boring, everyday mail. Someone’s extraordinarily interesting mail.

When Jaclyn Moriarty talks about writing her epistolary novels, she says this:

Letters are neither reliable nor static; they’re designed to fly through the air and gently fall into the recipient’s lap like a gift, or hit the recipient in the eye. If a teacher asked students to write letters to a neighbouring school, as part of an assignment, you couldn't trust the students to be honest or to be themselves.
What's she talking about? Well, are any of us completely honest with everyone you talk to? No. You’re always aware of who you’re talking to. There are the things you make up or exaggerate, the things you hide or gloss over, the little white lies, the version of yourself you show to one particular person, as opposed to the other faces you show to other people. Characters write letters with an awareness of their audience too. They know who they're talking to. And they know who they want to be for that person.

And even then, the person they think they're writing to can turn out to be very different to the person they’re actually writing to, because of how that person has made themselves look in their letters. Which means that there’s huge potential for dishonesty in epistolary novels. And misunderstandings. And conflict. And all sorts of drama and humour.

Sometimes, just sometimes, a whole bunch of letters can be something far more than a whole bunch of letters. In the hands of a good writer, a whole bunch of letters can be entertaining and thought provoking and beautiful.

Some examples of epistolary fiction:

The Ashbury books by Jaclyn Moriarty, especially Feeling Sorry For Celia (which I’ve already written about here) and Finding Cassie Crazy/The Year of Secret Assignments.

Letters from the Inside by John Marsden.

What do you think of novels in letters? Have you read any good ones that I've missed?

*I’m going to stick to just talking about novels in letters here, but epistolary novels don’t have to stick to letters at all: they can also feature diary entries, blog posts and newspaper articles. And other things too!
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Welcome to our 76th Road Trip Wednesday!

Road Trip Wednesday is a ‘Blog Carnival,’ where YA Highway's contributors post a weekly writing- or reading-related question that begs to be answered. In the comments, you can hop from destination to destination and get everybody's unique take on the topic.

We'd love for you to participate! Just answer the prompt on your own blog and leave a link - or, if you prefer, you can include your answer in the comments.




This Week's Topic:
Compare your first kiss with your favorite characters first kiss?



Road Trip Song of the Week:
3OH!3 & Ke$ha: 'My First Kiss'


Next week’s topic:
TBA


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Sex In YA, Part 2: Keeping It Safe

Two weeks ago, we discussed taboos of sex and romance in YA. This week, in part two of our mini-series about sex in YA, we're discussing the use of protection.


With more and more YA books discussing the topic of sex, and some even featuring sex scenes, the question has arisen: does an author have a responsibility to mention protection? Should condoms or birth control come into play? Always or just sometimes? Is this "preaching" or just being responsible?

Personally, I choose to always mention contraception (usually condoms as they also prevent STDs) in any sex scene I write (and anyone who has read The DUFF can tell you that occasion has come up more than once). And, from personal experience, I know that some editors deeply encourage this as well. Many other books with sex scene use reference to birth control in fun/quirky ways to help add a little romantic tension. Simone Elkeles comes to mind - both Perfect Chemistry and Rules of Attraction use reference to condoms in funny ways that make the scene both more humorous and more romantic.

But I've heard others argue that references to safe sex are "preachy." That always mentioning contraception is, in some ways, talking down to teenagers who could probably assume that a condom was used already.

What do you think? If an author chooses to feature sex in a positive light (i. e. a romantic encounter that does not end in pregnancy or STD), is it his or her responsibility to include mention of safety? If so, what are some other books in which condoms or birth control were referenced in ways that didn't feel "preachy?" If not, why do you feel this way?

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Who are the strong female characters in YA fantasy and science fiction?

I’ll bet I can guess some of your answers. Katniss (The Hunger Games) and Katsa (Graceling) and Tris (Divergent) and Tally (Uglies). These girls kick ass. Literally – they fight and even kill. They take on the protagonist roles that have been traditionally held by male characters. They also smash the assumption boys won’t read female narrators, by appealing to both boys and girls.

Presumably, boys are reading these characters because they aren’t “girly” girls. They’re tough. They’re powerful, proactive, even aggressive. They train, quest, battle, fight – just like the boys do, and often much better.

But what about the girls who don’t fight, battle, kill?

Do girls need to act like boys to be read by boys?

Do girls need to act like boys to be considered “strong”?


What about the reverse: boys who take on roles traditionally held by females? Even typing this, I am struck by how absurd it comes off as – but why?

I’m not knocking characters like Katniss and Katsa. I definitely think they represent progress. Especially in a time when one of the world’s most brilliant forces for good, Pixar, can take 17 years to release a film with a female protagonist. (Brave, 2012. She’s an archer.) Teens need strong female characters in their books. They need girls they want to be – because of their awesomeness, not because of the smolder of their romances.

But this is also a time when a boy with pink toenails is considered newsworthy. When all that exploded last week, along with my head, I came across this comment on MetaFilter, which I haven’t been able to stop thinking about.

“…it feels like progress that women/girls can do things previously societally reserved for men/boys, but how much progress have we made when men/boys still cannot have anything to do with "feminine" things? How equal do we really have a chance to be when these gender norms are still so rigidly enforced from the time we are tiny?”
It's so true. Think about it – in general (not always, but in general), stereotypically masculine traits are thought of as positive, in the book world and beyond. Whereas, so many boys (and girls!) have been raised to consider acting “like a girl” to be a bad thing. It’s a common insult in athletics, between friends. It’s even used to offend girls. In high school water polo, I never wanted to throw like a girl. Even though I am a girl. And really, I have no idea what throwing like a girl means, anyway – I sucked, but our goalie could make a goal all the way across the entire pool. She was a girl too.

Of course, not all strong female characters are as "masculine" as Katniss. The popularity of Buffy – who kicks ass and looks great doing it – gave rise to entire tropes (like “Waif Fu”) of ass-kicking yet feminine girls, like River Tam pictured above. I’d say Rose from Vampire Academy and Evie from Paranormalcy and Ellie from Angelfire follow that lead. I know boys watch Buffy: The Vampire Slayer. But do they read books about girls like Buffy? Particularly, books through the eyes of girls like Buffy, without the ensemble casts of similar shows?

Are there any girls like this in YA SF?

More importantly, how about female characters who are complex and strong without literally kicking ass?

Here's an example. One of my all-time favorite female characters is Evanjalin in Melina Marchetta’s epic fantasy, Finnikin of the Rock. Not because she’s a master assassin or ruthless in the ring, but because she’s emotionally complex, ultra-intelligent and her ethics guide her actions, no matter the cost. Now that’s a girl I want to be.

Can you think of any more?

Could I have opened up a larger can of worms?


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Book Review: FLUTTER by Erin Moulton

Big things are about the happen at Maple's house. Mama's going to have a baby, which means now there will be four Rittle sisters instead of just three. But when baby Lily is born too early and can't come home from the hospital, Maple knows it's up to her to save her sister. So she and Dawn, armed with a map and some leftover dinner, head off down a river and up a mountain to find the Wise Woman who can grant miracles. Now it's not only Lily’s survival that they have to worry about, but also their own. The dangers that Maple and Dawn encounter on their journey makes them realize a thing or two about miracles–and about each other.


FLUTTER is one of those quiet, warm middle grade novels that you need to read with a cup of cocoa and a fuzzy blanket. Although the book starts out slow, Maple’s descriptions are so beautiful that the reader is willing to forgive the pace. The journey itself is patchworked with magical realism as Dawn and Maple search for the legendary Wise Woman and the healing waters she keeps in her woods. It sounds cheesy, but the real magic is in the sisters’ relationship and the way they learn to love and respect each other.

Moulton is a talented writer, but she seemed unsure of Maple’s voice throughout the book. Sometimes Maple’s descriptions were literary and poetic; sometimes they were colloquial, a little more immature. It was somewhat jarring, as if Moulton was writing two different characters and trying to decide which one would dominate the story. Still, I feel like this is an issue that Moulton will resolve with time and experience, and FLUTTER remains a wonderful middle grade debut.

FLUTTER will be published May 12, 2011 by Philomel.
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Field Trip Friday: April 15, 2011


I am filling in for the awesome Kate Hart this week. Don't fear! She'll be back soon.


THIS WEEK IN WRITING

- Janice Hardy talks about transitions. If you’re anything like me, you really need this post.

- What most often makes agent Kristin Nelson stop reading in the first pages of a manuscript.

- Eight secrets writers have but might not admit.

- Author Jennifer Walkup on surviving the writerly emocoaster.

- Agent Mary Kole explains when you do and don’t need a complete manuscript before submitting. (Hint: if you’re reading our YA-centric blog, odds are, you do.)

- Three traits your hero and villain should share, according to author K. M. Weiland.

- How author Michael Kardos learned to love rejections.


THIS WEEK IN READING

- An interesting (but long) look at the downside to having a huge fan base, in an article about George R. R. Martin.

- WICKED PRETTY THINGS, the anthology that’s been causing a stir for weeks now, has been canceled.

- On Tor’s website, author Janni Lee Simner has some great thoughts on the portrayal of arranged marriages in dystopian fiction.



THIS WEEK IN PUBLISHING

- Agent Jessica Faust has some interesting thoughts on social networking profile pictures.

- And on the subject of social networking, twitter vs. facebook as a tool for journalists. (Spoiler alert: twitter wins.)

- Thoughts from agent Rachelle Gardner on comparisons between the publishing and music industries.

- Kate The Rockstar finishes her blog series on YA deals by numbers. So many awesome charts!

- Nathan Bransford discusses different types of publishing and giving yourself the best shot at success.

- Writer and reviewer Yahong Chi explains the process of getting published in magazines.


THIS WEEK IN CONTESTS

- Two Bookanista giveaways: our own Kirsten Hubbard is giving away FAMILY by Micol Ostow and Shannon Messenger is giving away POSSESSION by Elana Johnson.

- Cheyanne Young is giving away an arc of ABANDON by Meg Cabot—and some great writing tips.

- Yatopia has a pitch contest featuring agent Natalie Fischer.

- Help our lovely Kate Hart with a future chart-related post and win a t-shirt!



THIS WEEK IN THE RANDOM



- This is one of the best things I’ve ever seen. And I’m not just saying that because I like Slipknot.


- The Hobbit!!!!

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I tend to talk about my stage of the process whenever it’s my turn to post at YA Highway. I figure if I’m struggling with something, chances are someone else is too. So why not share my tricks on getting through it?

Right now, I am polishing up my MS in a final round of edits for my agent. The story changed a lot over the last four months, and with it, my word count. When all was said and done this last round, I was way short on my word count. WAY.

I’m not one of those writers who do 100,00 word drafts and cut. I write sparse. My first drafts tend to be 15 – 20k short of where they need to be. I panicked (of course, because we writers like to angst over every single thing that goes wrong, right?) then started to think about ways I could up the word count without making it look like I was adding words for the sake of words.

First, the story as a whole was good. It flowed, had good pacing, came together where it should and ended well. Adding a subplot didn’t really make sense, this is a character driven book and I liked where it was. Then I remembered an article I read awhile back about adding word count to your manuscript. Not unnecessary words, but words that would make the story come alive. Description. Use the senses. Show don’t tell.

To do this, you have to stop looking at your MS as a whole, and break it into scenes. Go over each scene individually. Find spots where the aroma of the pine trees or fresh baked bread will entice the reader. Where the crackled of lightning overhead makes them look up. Where a stack of pancakes covered in maple syrup melts on your MC’s tongue and sticks to her fingers.

You get the idea. Then, look for places where you can expand the paragraph. Take these examples. Pretty straight forward as they are:

Sasha smiled at Nate. (4 words)

But….when you expand on it:

Sasha’s lips slowly curved upward into a Cheshire catlike grin. Oh this was going to be fun. Nate wanted the truth, and she’d give it to him, eventually. First, he had to do something for her, and he wasn’t going to like it one bit.  (45 words)

More than just adding words though, we added intrigue. There are questions the reader wants answers to now. What’s the secret? What’s Sasha going to do to Nate first? It moves the story forward, drops hints, and makes you want to read more.

Another example:

            The girls played hopscotch outside. (5 words)

 Or:

            Feet slapped the sidewalk in a one-two-one rhythm. A squeal broke through the thick mid-morning haze.
        “You touched the line,” Lucy shouted.
        “Did not!” Becky pointed at the ground, near her pink Pretty Princess sandals. “See, it’s not touching. I win.” She crossed her arms and smiled in triumph.
        “You cheated. I’m telling mom.” Lucy stomped up the cracked cement steps and disappeared inside the run down tenement building they called home. (72 words)

These are just a couple of random, pulled out of thin air examples, but you get the drift. By doing this, you avoid the dreaded info dump scenes, or worst yet, adding in a bunch of words that have nothing to do with the story and everything to do with meeting some magic word number. Readers can tell.

Think of your WIP as a stew. Sprinkling a little pepper here or a little oregano there will make it amazing. It takes finesse, a light hand, tasting and relying on your instinct. You know when you know its just right. People will rave. They’ll tell their friends what an awesome cook you are.

On the other hand, dumping an entire box of salt in just because? Not so much. You end up ruining the stew. And word will get around pretty fast not to come to your house for dinner. (Hmmm, I seem to use food analogies an awful lot. lol)

So if you are struggling as I am, to add wordage to your MS, start at the beginning and go through with only an eye on catching those little sentences that need just a little more salt. Trust me, when you reach the end, you’ll have more words than you expected, and a perfectly seasoned WIP that’s ready to tantalize the taste buds of your beta, agent, or editor. 

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Welcome to our 75th Road Trip Wednesday!

Road Trip Wednesday is a ‘Blog Carnival,’ where YA Highway's contributors post a weekly writing- or reading-related question that begs to be answered. In the comments, you can hop from destination to destination and get everybody's unique take on the topic.

We'd love for you to participate! Just answer the prompt on your own blog and leave a link - or, if you prefer, you can include your answer in the comments.

This Week's Topic:
What is the story of your best scar?


Road Trip Song of the Week:
"Scars" by Papa Roach

Next week’s topic:
TBA

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Picture by the genius Allie Brosh, aka Hyperbole and a Half
Well. For a start, there’s the whole wish fulfilment thing. Not one, but two glorious man creatures to choose between. But even more than that, love triangles are an obvious way of creating conflict. And if you want to write a story about a relationship, then conflict within that relationship is essential. Especially if the relationship stretches over more than one book. No one wants to read a love story where two lovers meet, make gooey eyes, declare undying love immediately and then live happily ever after. We like our love stories more complicated than that. That’s what makes them satisfying.

Love triangles are one way to make relationships complicated, but are they the only way? I’ve read a few love triangles recently where it seems like the main character just has to choose who to be with – and often the ‘right’ choice is obvious to the reader all along. It’s a long agonising path for the main character to realise who the ‘right’ choice is, but once the main character has made it, the other guy dies. Or turns out to be evil all along. Or dies. Or falls in love with the main character’s vampire infant. Or dies. And meanwhile the main character and her ‘right’ choice destroy the antagonist, then get their hard earned happily ever after, and you just know that their relationship will be absolute dreamlike perfection from then on.

Love triangles easily create external struggles. But what about the internal struggles? What about the difficulties of merging your life and dreams with another person’s? Because that’s never a tidy process. There’s the ugly stuff where one thing makes one person happy, but the other person wants something completely different. What if one person wants to travel the world, while the other person doesn’t, or can’t? Or hey, what if one half of a relationship is a supernatural creature, living a supernatural life, while the other half is human, and likes being human, and wants to stay that way?

Don’t get me wrong. There are some fantastic love triangles out there, ones which have kept me guessing all the way through, and left me pondering for days. But my question is, does there always need to be a third party? Could two people be enough to generate interesting conflict? Does YA paranormal fiction need so many love triangles?
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We're so excited to launch Jessi Kirby's book tour for Moonglass! Moonglass will be released by Simon & Schuster on May 3rd, 2011.

I read once that water is a symbol for emotions. And for a while now, I've thought maybe my mother drowned in both.

Anna's life is upended when her father accepts a job transfer the summer before her junior year. It's bad enough that she has to leave her friends and her life behind, but her dad is moving them to the beach where her parents first met and fell in love -- a place awash in memories that Anna would just as soon leave under the surface.

While life on the beach is pretty great, with ocean views and one adorable lifeguard in particular, there are also family secrets that were buried along the shore years ago. And the ebb and flow of the ocean's tide means that nothing -- not the sea glass that she collects on the sand and not the truths behind Anna's mother's death -- stays buried forever.

I was lucky enough to read an ARC of Moonglass last week. I enjoyed every word of Jessi's quiet, lovely and powerful story -- a story haunted by the unsettling yet evocative image of Anna's mother walking into the sea. I especially loved how the ocean serves as another character in Moonglass. Despite the manner in which her mother died, Anna belongs to the ocean, spending as much time as possible in it, under it, beside it. It beckons to her, gifts her jewel-like sea glass, even incites her independence in one memorable scene (see question three below). But it also reminds her of the mysteries surrounding her mother's death -- and life. I finished this book with tears in my eyes, but also with an irresistible urge to hunt for sea glass (and hot lifeguards.)

Below, Jessi Kirby answers a few questions about Moonglass.

What's the significance of the title MOONGLASS?


The word moonglass is one that Anna made up when she was a little girl. She and her mom sometimes went searching for sea glass at night, and when she found a very special piece in the moonlight she called it ‘moonglass’.


MOONGLASS is set in a beach town. Is it a real place? If not, upon where did you base it?

Yes! It is a real place! Crystal Cove is an actual state park in California, with actual abandoned cottages, sea glass-littered sand, and cute lifeguards.


Which was your favorite scene to write in MOONGLASS?

There’s one scene that takes place at a lifeguard bonfire that Anna isn’t supposed to be at. There is so much going through her head in that scene, between a revealing story about her dad, swimming in the ocean at night alongside her crush, the freedom of being out when she shouldn’t be, jumping off a towering rock…getting caught. I got to pack a lot into it.


Which was the most difficult?

Hmm…I’d have to say it was the very last scene, because I’ve read so many books that are great the whole way through, but then the ending doesn’t quite give you that ‘Wow’ feeling. I wanted it to do that, so I spent a ridiculous amount of time on the last scene trying to get it just right.

What are some young adult novels you think every teen -- and adult! -- should read?

Ooh, I love this one! The Giver, Looking for Alaska, any one by Sarah Dessen -- although This Lullaby and The Truth About Forever are my favorites -- The Hunger Games, The Sky is Everywhere, The Book Thief. I could go on forever, but those are a handful of my very favorites.


What was the most unexpected part of your publishing journey?

I had no idea how many people are involved in creating a book, how many steps it goes through, or how much waiting I’d do, constantly checking my email for any little bit of news.


Do you have any advice for aspiring authors?

Read! It’s the best possible way to study what you want to do, coming from the best possible teachers. Pay attention to the things that leap out at you or move you as you read. Savor them. Study them. Then remember what it was you loved reading so much when you sit down to write.


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First Draft Guide for the Focus-Impaired Writer

This method is ideal for: Freelancers, personal trainers, duchesses, and all other occupations where you can sneak in and out of work at no major consequence

This method is not ideal for: Emergency dispatchers, surgeons, pizza delivery personnel, and all other occupations where lives depend on you every second you’re on the clock

I get an idea for a book. I get excited. I think about it all day. I set aside an hour, two hours, sometimes a day, specifically for and only for writing said book. But when I sit down at that scheduled time, those urges kick in – send an "urgent" email, change the fire alarm batteries, tweet that I #amwriting but really scroll through the latest trending topic... you know the drill.

It’s not that I don’t want to work on the book – I do! But the blank page is scary, the pressure to get to a certain word count is scarier, and if you’ve got one of those “progress meters” that show you how far you’ve got to go, that’s the scariest thing of all.

Last year I wrote a post about mini-retreats – writing a first draft in 250 words a day. It worked well for me at the time, because I need to take it slow and figure out the story.

This time, I know the story I want to tell and when I’m not at my laptop I’m writing it in my head. By the time I can sit down and work on it, it should be easy to get a few thousand words out in one go, right? Absolutely. In fact, I'm just going to do that right O LOOK AT THE BABY AYE AYE

Baby Aye-Aye also fears the first draft.

Yes, I, Michelle Schusterman, am a focus-impaired writer. It's a disease that eventually afflicts all who work online, and unfortunately, there is no cure. Aside from, like, Internet abstinence, which....no.

But I have discovered a method that works for me, and if you suffer from focus impairment, it can work for you too. In fact, 60% of the time, it works. Every time.

Steps to Writing a First Draft for the Focus-Impaired

Step 1: Work 1 hour at your freelancing, personal training, duchessing, or other occupation.


Step 2: Write 150 words.


Step 3: Work 1 hour answering phones, taking notes, or organizing LOLcats in order of relevance to your life.


Step 4: Write 150 words.


Step 5: Order lunch, make lunch, or put out any small kitchen fires.


Step 6: Write 150 words.


Step 7: Work 1 hour filing bills, preparing tax returns or watching the best song ever on YouTube.


Step 8: Write 150 words.


Step 9: You see where I'm going here.

Go about your regular work day, but at least once every hour, stop and write 150 words on that first draft. That's less than half of this blog post. 150 words! That’s nothing! That’s like eight tweets!

Using this method, I’ve found I can get over 1,000 words a day easily, sometimes over 1,500, which is much higher than I could ever expect my tweet-filled YouTube-comment-horrorstruck Tumbld-over brain to churn out all at once.

If you suffer from focus-impairment, give this method a shot. Embrace your inability to focus - use it! Because the alternative – limiting online shenanigans, the source of our focus woes – is too horrifying to contemplate.
 

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